Compelling Reasons Why Summative Assessments Are Left Behind

Summative Assessments Even though summative assessments are still perceived by many educators, teachers, and administrators to be reliable tools to measure students’ learning, recent research shows strong empirically-based evidence that the use of summative assessments leads to washback (Black & Wiliam, 1998b; Harlen & Deakin, 2002). For those of you who hear the term washback […]

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Three Essential Questions That Teacher Feedback Must Address

Questions That Teacher Feedback Must Address Effective teaching practices basically take experience and time. An effective teacher would say that teaching is more than imparting topical knowledge. It also requires assessing and evaluating students’ learnings and understanding of this knowledge. A critical aspect of sound teaching practices is teacher FEEDBACK. Although many teachers claim they

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Formative Assessment: Three Essential Features Of Teacher Questioning

Teacher questioning is a part of formative assessment In their second large study (2003), Black & Wiliam conducted professional development at six schools in Britain. They trained teachers on how to implement formative assessment strategies such as questioning, feedback, self-assessment, and peer-assessment. The result was that the use of formative assessment strategies can largely affect

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